Sovereign wealth funds have recently poured billions of dollars into struggling Wall Street firms, but so far the state-backed investors have not reaped many rewards.
Investments among sovereign funds surged 153 percent last year to $48.5 billion, according to Dealogic, with the bulk of the deals with major banks happening only in the last few months of the year.
The sovereign funds gave much-needed capital to U.S. banks reeling from massive writedowns linked to subprime mortgages and other risky assets. But now the funds themselves are reeling, as the credit crisis widens and asset values drop.
The following list outlines some of the recent high-profile investments made by top sovereign funds:
COUNTRY: United Arab Emirates
FUND: Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA)
ASSETS: est. $250 billion to $875 billion
RECENT ACTIVITY: November 2007 ADIA bought $7.5 billion of mandatory convertible securities from Citigroup that will be converted into the banks stock in 2010 and 2011 at prices ranging from $31.83 to $37.24 a share. The number of shares it receives will adjust based on Citis share price, with a higher share price giving the investor fewer shares.
As of Thursdays close, Citi shares were trading 38 percent below where they were at the end of November, at $20.71 a share. _____________________________________________________________________________
COUNTRY: Norway
FUND: Government Pension Fund Global
ASSETS: $386.8 billion as of February 2008
RECENT ACTIVITY: The fund undershot its benchmark by 0.22 percentage points in 2007, the biggest underperformance since at least 1998. The funds portfolio performed especially poorly in the second half of the year, when the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis spread to other markets.
Among its holdings, the fund owns a 0.36 percent stake in Citigroup, a 0.27 percent stake in Lehman Brothers, a 0.35 percent stake in Merrill Lynch, a 0.33 percent stake in Morgan Stanley. ______________________________________________________________________________
COUNTRY: Singapore
FUND: Temasek Holdings
ASSETS: More than $100 billion
RECENT ACTIVITY: December 2007 The fund bought $4.4 billion of Merrill Lynch stock at $48 a share. The shares were sold at a discount partly in return for an agreement not to sell them for a year. As of Thursdays close, Merrill Lynch shares were 4.8 percent below Temaseks purchase price and 18.4 percent below where the stock was trading at the time of the deal. ______________________________________________________________________________
COUNTRY: Singapore
FUND: Government of Singapore Investment Corp. (GIC)
ASSETS: More than $100 billion
RECENT ACTIVITY: December 2007 The fund took a 9 percent stake in UBS worth about $9.75 billion. The banks stock as of Thursdays closed was down 46 percent since 2008 began.
January 2008 The fund bought $6.88 billion worth of Citigroup. Citis stock was last trading 23 percent below where it was when GIC took a stake in the firm. ______________________________________________________________________________
COUNTRY: China
FUND: China Investment Co.
ASSETS: $200 billion
RECENT ACTIVITY: May 2007 The fund took a $3 billion stake in U.S. private equity firm The Blackstone Group in May. The shares were bought at a 4.5 percent discount and, under the agreement, cannot be sold for four years. Since Blackstones initial public offering, its shares have tumbled 59 percent.
December 2007 The fund bought $5 billion of securities convertible into Morgan Stanley stock in 2010. Under the terms, the fund will pay between $48.07 and $57.684 a share depending on where the banks stock is trading.
As of Thursdays close Morgan Stanley shares were at $42.86, about 14 percent below their level when the deal was made. ______________________________________________________________________________
COUNTRY: Kuwait
FUND: Kuwait Investment Authority
ASSETS: $225 billion as of March 2007
RECENT ACTIVITY: January 2008 The fund invested $3 billion in Citigroup and $2 billion in Merrill Lynch. Merrill Lynch shares closed on Thursday at $46.63, 12 percent below their level when the deal was announced. Citi is down 23 percent since Kuwait made the investment.